Converters

Roman Numerals Converter

A Roman numerals converter translates between Roman numerals and regular numbers. Enter a value either way to get its counterpart, with the symbol values listed.

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The symbols and the subtractive rule

Roman numerals combine seven letters into any value. The key rule is subtractive notation: placing a smaller symbol before a larger one subtracts it, so 4 is IV, not IIII.

Reading a Roman numeral

Read left to right, adding each symbol's value unless it is followed by a larger one, in which case subtract it. The converter applies this rule and lists each symbol's contribution.

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Frequently asked questions

1

How do Roman numerals work?

Roman numerals use letters for values: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500, M = 1000. Add values left to right, but subtract when a smaller value precedes a larger one (for example, IV = 4).

2

How does the converter handle them?

The converter reads each symbol, applies the add-or-subtract rule, and totals the value — in both directions, numeral to number and number to numeral.

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